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读《美国陷阱》有感1500字

　　读《美国陷阱》有感1500字：

　　从去年12月1日华为老总任任正非的女儿孟晚舟在加拿大被捕之后，华为公司一直处于风口浪尖。任正非这个低调的掌门人以前很少接受媒体采访，就如同华为公司从不上市一样，有些与众不同。几个月来，美国对华为的动作不断，当大家还有一些恐慌和不知所措的时候，华为默默经营多年的“备胎计划”转正，不得不让全国人民肃然起敬。在这个大背景下，任总破天荒地接受了媒体采访。

　　出乎意料的是在任总采访过程中，放在他办公桌的一本书意外入镜，并且大热起来。这就是《美国陷阱》。作品出自当年法国通信巨头“阿尔斯通”的一位高管——皮耶鲁齐，作者用第一人称自述的形式，记录了自己从2013年4月14日在美国纽约肯尼迪国际机场被捕，到2019年9月25日重获自由这段时间的生活。着重描述了“美国司法部诉皮耶鲁奇案”的整个细节过程，读起来有点像小说，再结合当今的局势发展，是很有带入感的。皮耶鲁齐就是法国版的“孟晚舟”，孟晚舟就是中国版的“皮耶鲁齐”。

　　在作者详细描述的一系列跌宕起伏如电影般奇妙的过程中，我们读到了美国的步步为营，步步紧逼；也读到了皮耶鲁齐作为一名世界知名企业高管应有的职业素养，很多时候他都还是顾全大局的；也读到了阿尔斯通在美国司法部长臂管辖原则下的无奈选择。

　　第一次抓捕和皮耶鲁齐的谈话就是希望发展他做卧底。而在被调查企业内部发展卧底，搜集更多证据，是司法部常用的做法。可惜，皮耶鲁齐当时对阿尔斯通还充满希望，对被捕事件的严重性根本不了解。如果，假如有如果，他当时能预料到阿尔斯通对他的态度，如果他当时知道可能会被判终生监禁，他会如何选择？

读《美国陷阱》有感1500字.jpg

　　当皮耶鲁齐选择不合作，寄希望于律师的辩护之后，美国司法法采用第二招，用海量的文件来拖垮当事人。在美国，查阅卷宗、对案件进行复核鉴定、寻找有利于被告的证词，这些步骤的费用都必须由被告人支付。因此，司法部就此案件早就有备而来，短短时间内一下子提出几百万份文件，让皮耶鲁齐根本没有时间和精力在海量文件中寻找对自己有利的证据，也没有办法为此付出昂贵的律师费。

　　紧接着，他同时被起诉多次洗钱、腐败同谋等10项罪名，最高可被判处125年监禁。辩护律师开始动员皮耶鲁齐认下轻罪，而避免被判罚重罪的可能，同时还举例说明没有认轻罪的人被重判的下场。最终，皮耶鲁齐虽然并不认为自己犯罪——他只是阿尔斯通隐秘雇佣中间人流程中的一环，而按照欧洲人的理解，如果企业高管只是按章办事，没有中饱私囊，如果企业被判触犯海外反垄断法，不应该由个人来承担责任——仍然不得不选择认轻罪。最终，作者在监狱里待了400多天之后，缴纳了高额的保释金和房产担保之后，才重获自由。而此时，他的公司已经提出了解雇申请，并在他认罪之后就停止了支付律师费。“有哪个公司会以招认自己的罪过和承担刑事责任的自我牺牲方式，去营救一个管理人员？”此时，作者才停止了最开始无限的期待和幻想。美国司法部根据《反海外腐败法》通过指控皮耶鲁齐涉嫌商业贿赂，并对阿尔斯通处以7.72亿美元罚款。同时，阿尔斯通的电力业务，最终被行业内的主要竞争对手——美国通用电气公司收购。阿尔斯通这家曾经横跨全球电力能源与轨道交通行业的商业巨头，因此被美国人“瓦解”。

　　什么是《反海外腐败法》？我极速地寻求答案，这是一个什么样的法律，可以成为美国本土的巨无霸企业，在全球打击竞争手。根据属地管辖原则，美国国民之外的任何自然人，或者根据外国的法律组织成立的任何有限公司、合伙企业、协会、股份制公司、商业托拉斯、非社会性团体、独资经营者以及这些主体的高级职员、董事、普通职员、代理人或者代表该主体行事的股东，在美国领土之内，利用美国的邮政系统或者任何跨州的商业方法和手段，实施上述所禁止的行为的，也可以构成《反海外腐败法》规定的犯罪。据此，无论是否具有美国国籍，只要在美国境内实施了贿赂行为就受FCPA的管辖。也就是说，无论是否具有美国国籍，只要在美国境内实施了贿赂行为就受《反海外腐败法》的管辖。最为“不可思议”的是，任何外国人或外国公司的雇员，只要是通过美国的邮件系统进行了通信，或使用隶属于美国的国际商业工具进行了腐败支付，不论是电话、邮件还是银行转账，只要和美国发生了联系，美国都具有管辖权。《反海外腐败法》其实就是美国贯彻“长臂管辖权”的典型表现。

　　阿尔斯通案，这就是美国利用《反海外腐败法》打击美国企业竞争对手活生生的案例，《美国陷阱》一书通过作者的亲身经历，揭露了美国司法如何直接和间接地为美国企业在全世界扩张的内幕和真相。

　　这与当下的华为公司的境地是如何的相像！皮耶鲁齐的《美国陷阱》，为我们普通人开启了一个全新的视角，来理解“华为事件”。很明显华为在未来的征途上已经做到了知己知彼，其路途必然坎坷。备胎转正事件更让我们看到了一个“大战略家”的所思所为：极限生存，居安思危。而任总在采访中对于教育的重视和有力的呐喊也敲打着这个时代的每一个人。

　　在关系国计民生以及国家安全的战略行业，商业竞争从来都不是单纯的自由市场行为。企业背后的国家，才是博弈的主体。《美国陷阱》一书更重要的意义是提醒全球化的中国企业，必须要直面全球化过程中的法律风险。一方面中国跨国企业需要进一步认清美国的“霸权主义”可能给企业以及企业的高管带来的新风险；另一方面，中国的跨国公司也非常有必要进行“普法”教育，因为在短期内美国司法体系的“长臂管辖原则”不会改变，才能对企业和企业的高管真正给予有效的保护。作者：笨丫头就是我

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